New York State Learning Standards for the Arts

Standard 4: Understanding the Cultural Dimensions
and Contributions of the Arts

Students will develop an understanding of the personal and cultural forces that shape artistic communication and how the arts in turn shape the diverse cultures of past and present society.


Dance

Key Idea 1

Students will know dances from many cultures and times and recognize their relationship to various cultural, social, and historic contexts. Students will recognize that dance is performed in many different cultural settings and serves many functions in diverse societies.

Performance Indicators (Benchmarks)

Elementary Level Students:

  • identify basic dance movements that are typical of the major world cultures
  • explain the settings and circumstances in which dance is found in their lives and those of others, both past and present

Middle Level Students:

  • identify the major dance forms of specific world cultures past and present
  • identify some of the major dance artists from diverse cultures
  • show how specific dance forms are related to the culture from which they come

Commencement Level Students:

  • explain the interaction of performer and audience in dance as a shared cultural event
  • identify the cultural elements in a variety of dances drawn from the folk and classical repertories
  • recognize specific contributions of dance and dancers to their own lives and to people in other times and places

Commencement Major Sequence:

In addition to the General Education performance indicators, students:

  • demonstrate an understanding of dance as a shared cultural event when giving presentations (dance, lecture, video, written report)
  • demonstrate a knowledge of cultural elements in dance presentations of folk and classical repertories
  • prepare formal presentations that use materials about dance and dancers of other times and places

Music

Key Idea 1

Students will develop a performing and listening repertoire of music of various genres, styles, and cultures that represent the peoples of the world and their manifestations in the United States. Students will recognize the cultural features of a variety of musical compositions and performances and understand the functions of music within the culture.

Performance Indicators (Benchmarks)

Elementary Level Students:

  • identify when listening, and perform from memory, a basic repertoire of folk songs/dances and composed songs from the basic cultures that represent the peoples of the world
  • identify the titles and composers of well-known examples of classical concert music and blues/jazz selections
  • identify the primary cultural, geographical, and historical settings for the music they listen to and perform

Middle Level Students:

  • identify the cultural contexts of a performance or recording and perform (with movement, where culturally appropriate) a varied repertoire of folk, art, and contemporary selections from the basic cultures that represent the peoples of the world
  • identify from a performance or recording the titles and composers of well-known examples of classical concert music and blues/jazz selections
  • discuss the current and past cultural, social, and political uses for the music they listen to and perform
  • in performing ensembles, read and perform repertoire in a culturally authentic manner

Commencement Level Students:

  • identify from performances or recordings the cultural contexts of a further varied repertoire of folk, art, and contemporary selections from the basic cultures that represent the peoples of the world
  • identify from performances or recordings the titles and composers and discuss the cultural contexts of well-known examples of classical concert music and blues/jazz selections
  • relate well-known musical examples from the 17th century onward with the dominant social and historical events

Commencement Major Sequence:

In addition to the General Education performance indicators, students:

  • analyze music from various cultures on the basis of its functions, giving examples and describing uses to which music is put in those cultures
  • in performing ensembles, read and perform repertoire in a culturally authentic manner and use culture based criteria for assessing performances, their own and others’

Theater

Key Idea 1

Students will gain knowledge about past and pre-sent cultures as expressed through theatre. They will interpret how theatre reflects the beliefs, issues, and events of societies past and present.

Elementary Level Students:

  • dramatize stories and folk tales from various cultures
  • engage in drama/theatre activities including music, dance, and games which reflect other cultures and ethnic groups
  • discuss how classroom theatre activities relate to their lives

Middle Level Students:

  • improvise scenes based on information about various cultures
  • create intercultural celebrations using props, settings, and costumes
  • explain how drama/theatre experiences relate to them-selves and others

Commencement Level Students:

  • read and view a variety of plays from different cultures
  • using the basic elements of theatre (e.g., speech, gesture, costume, etc.), explain how different theatrical productions represent the cultures from which they come
  • articulate the societal beliefs, issues and events of specific theatrical productions

Commencement Major Sequence:

In addition to the General Education performance indicators, students:

  • conduct an in-depth investigation of the works of a given culture or playwright
  • create a multicultural theatre festival of excerpts from plays representing various cultures

Visual Arts

Key Idea 1

Students will explore art and artifacts from various historical periods and world cultures to discover the roles that art plays in the lives of people of a given time and place and to understand how the time and place influence the visual characteristics of the art work. Students will explore art to understand the social, cultural, and environmental dimensions of human society.

Performance Indicators (Benchmarks)

Elementary Level Students:

  • look at and discuss a variety of art works and artifacts from world cultures to discover some important ideas, issues, and events of those cultures
  • look at a variety of art works and artifacts from diverse cultures of the United States and identify some distinguishing characteristics
  • create art works that show the influence of a particular culture

Middle Level Students:

  • demonstrate how art works and artifacts from diverse world cultures reflect aspects of those cultures
  • demonstrate the ways in which some particular art works and artifacts reflect important aspects of the diverse cultures of the United States
  • create art works that reflect a particular historical period of a culture

Commencement Level Students:

  • analyze works of art from diverse world cultures and discuss the ideas, issues, and events of the culture that these works convey
  • examine works of art and artifacts from United States cultures and place them within a cultural and historical context
  • create art works that reflect a variety of cultural influences

Commencement Major Sequence:

In addition to the General Education performance indicators, students:

  • present a body of work within their portfolio that reflects the influences of variety of cultural styles
  • interpret the meaning of works and artifacts in terms of the cultures that produced them
  • explain how cultural values have been expressed in the visual arts, how art works have been used to bring about cultural change and how the art of a culture has been influenced by art works coming from outside that culture